Balanced scorecard Wikipedia. The balanced scorecard is a strategy performance management tool a semi standard structured report, supported by design methods and automation tools, that can be used by managers to keep track of the execution of activities by the staff within their control and to monitor the consequences arising from these actions. The phrase balanced scorecard primarily refers to a performance management report used by a management team, and typically this team is focused on managing the implementation of a strategy or operational activities in a recent survey1 6. Balanced Scorecard for strategy implementation management, 4. Balanced Scorecard is also used by individuals to track personal performance, but this is less common only 1. Balanced Scorecard in this way, however it is clear from the same survey that a larger proportion about 3. Criticism Of Ansoff Matrix Pdf' title='Criticism Of Ansoff Matrix Pdf' />Balanced Scorecard elements to inform personal goal setting and incentive calculations. The critical characteristics that define a balanced scorecard are 2its focus on the strategic agenda of the organization concernedthe selection of a small number of data items to monitora mix of financial and non financial data items. Balanced scorecard is an example of a closed loop controller or cybernetic control applied to the management of the implementation of a strategy. Closed loop or cybernetic control is where actual performance is measured, the measured value is compared to a reference value and based on the difference between the two corrective interventions are made as required. Such control requires three things to be effective a choice of data to measure,the setting of a reference value for the data,the ability to make a corrective intervention. Within the strategy management context, all three of these characteristic closed loop control elements need to be derived from the organisations strategy and also need to reflect the ability of the observer to both monitor performance and subsequently intervene both of which may be constrained. Balanced Scorecard was initially proposed as a general purpose performance management system. Subsequently, it was promoted specifically as an approach to strategic performance management. Balanced scorecard has more recently become a key component of structured approaches corporate strategic management. Two of the ideas that underpin modern balanced scorecard designs concern making it easier to select which data to observe, and ensuring that the choice of data is consistent with the ability of the observer to intervene. HistoryeditOrganizations have used systems consisting of a mix of financial and non financial measures to track progress for quite some time. One such system was created by Art Schneiderman in 1. Analog Devices, a mid sized semi conductor company the Analog Devices Balanced Scorecard. Schneidermans design was similar to what is now recognised as a First Generation Balanced Scorecard design. In 1. Art Schneiderman participated in an unrelated research study led by Robert S. Kaplan in conjunction with US management consultancy Nolan Norton,1. Subsequently, Kaplan and David P. Triplo X 3 Dublado. Norton included anonymous details of this balanced scorecard design in a 1. Kaplan and Nortons article wasnt the only paper on the topic published in early 1. Questions and Answers from the Community. Maybe the size of mouse you are giving him is too big. Make sure the mouse is hot enough. Vii Figure 1. 1 Porters Five Forces framework 6 Figure 1. Resource Audit 11 Figure 1. The Boston Box 13 Figure 1. SWOT analysis 14 Figure 1. Ansoffs matrix 16. Paulo 49074 So 46318 do 40723 Brasil 38043 da 37922 Da 35214 US 33367 Folha 2900 Local 19724 Reportagem 1790 Jos 15364. Kaplan and Norton paper was a popular success, and was quickly followed by a second in 1. In 1. 99. 6, the two authors published a book The Balanced Scorecard. These articles and the first book spread knowledge of the concept of balanced scorecard widely, and has led to Kaplan and Norton being seen as the creators of the concept. While the corporate scorecard terminology was coined by Art Schneiderman, the roots of performance management as an activity run deep in management literature and practice. Management historians such as Alfred Chandler suggest the origins of performance management can be seen in the emergence of the complex organisation most notably during the 1. Century in the USA. More recent influences may include the pioneering work of General Electric on performance measurement reporting in the 1. Electoral college essay list karl marx dissertation writing how to write a research paper easily essays on police stress controlling idea essay version civil rights. The balanced scorecard is a strategy performance management tool a semistandard structured report, supported by design methods and automation tools, that can be. Scenario planning, also called scenario thinking or scenario analysis, is a strategic planning method that some organizations use to make flexible longterm plans. Kilauea Mount Etna Mount Yasur Mount Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira Piton de la Fournaise Erta Ale. French process engineers who created the tableau de bord literally, a dashboard of performance measures in the early part of the 2. The tool also draws strongly on the ideas of the resource based view of the firm1. Edith Penrose. However it should be noted that none of these influences is explicitly linked to original descriptions of balanced scorecard by Schneiderman, Maisel, or Kaplan Norton. Kaplan and Nortons first book1. The book reflects the earliest incarnations of balanced scorecards effectively restating the concept as described in the second Harvard Business Review article. Their second book, The Strategy Focused Organization,1. Olve et al. in Scandinavia1. Strategic Linkage Model or strategy map. As the title of Kaplan and Nortons second book1. Balanced Scorecards themselves, towards the use of Balanced Scorecard as a focal point within a more comprehensive strategic management system. Subsequent writing on Balanced Scorecard by Kaplan Norton has focused on uses of Balanced Scorecard rather than its design e. The Execution Premium in 2. Abernethy et al. 1. CharacteristicseditThe characteristics of the balanced scorecard and its derivatives is the presentation of a mixture of financial and non financial measures each compared to a target value within a single concise report. The report is not meant to be a replacement for traditional financial or operational reports but a succinct summary that captures the information most relevant to those reading it. It is the method by which this most relevant information is determined i. The balanced scorecard indirectly also provides a useful insight into an organisations strategy by requiring general strategic statements e. The first versions of balanced scorecard asserted that relevance should derive from the corporate strategy, and proposed design methods that focused on choosing measures and targets associated with the main activities required to implement the strategy. As the initial audience for this were the readers of the Harvard Business Review, the proposal was translated into a form that made sense to a typical reader of that journal managers of US commercial businesses. Accordingly, initial designs were encouraged to measure three categories of non financial measure in addition to financial outputs those of customer, internal business processes and learning and growth. These categories were not so relevant to public sector or non profit organisations,2. Butler et al. 1. Ahn 2. Elefalke 2. 00. 1,2. Brignall 2. 00. 2,2. Irwin 2. 00. 2,2. Radnor et al. 2. Modern balanced scorecards have evolved since the initial ideas proposed in the late 1. Balanced Scorecard are significantly improved being more flexible to suit a wider range of organisational types and more effective as design methods have evolved to make them easier to design, and use. Design of a balanced scorecard is about the identification of a small number of financial and non financial measures and attaching targets to them, so that when they are reviewed it is possible to determine whether current performance meets expectations. Kalkulator artcop. 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